Introduction to ethical theories and ethical reasoning by Oliver Mweemba, MPhil. PhD. School of Public Health University of Zambia - University of Zambia - Bioethics

Description

This comprehensive presentation by Dr. Oliver Mweemba of the University of Zambia's School of Public Health provides a foundational introduction to major ethical theories and the process of ethical reasoning. It begins with a compelling case study, the conjoined twins Mary and Jodie, to frame the discussion on moral decision-making. The material systematically covers key theoretical frameworks including Consequentialism (Utilitarianism), Deontological ethics (Kantian duty-based ethics), and Virtue Ethics, explaining their core principles like the greatest happiness principle, the categorical imperative, and the focus on character. It further introduces other important perspectives such as Natural Law, Feminist Ethics of Care, and Theories of Justice. The second part delves into the nature of ethical reasoning itself, distinguishing normative from empirical questions, outlining the traits of moral principles, and clarifying the crucial differences between ethics, law, majority opinion, and tradition. This resource is essential for university students and lecturers in public health, medicine, philosophy, and law who are engaged in tertiary-level study of bioethics, health policy, and professional ethics. It equips learners with the critical tools needed to analyze complex moral dilemmas in healthcare and research. Download this presentation to build a solid theoretical foundation for ethical analysis and decision-making.