Application of the Derived Function
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This problem requires solving for n in the sum formula. Given: a = 5, d = 8 - 5 = 3, \(S_n = 155\). Using \(S_n = \frac{n}{2}[2a + (n-1)d]\): \(155 = \frac{n}{2}[2(5) + (n-1)3]\). Simplify: \(155 = \frac{n}{2}[10 + 3n - 3]\). \(155 = \frac{n}{2}[7 + 3n]\). Multiply both sides by 2: \(310 = n[7 + 3n]\). Expand: \(310 = 7n + 3n^2\). Rearrange: \(3n^2 + 7n - 310 = 0\). Factor or use quadratic formula. For factoring: Find factors of \(3 \times (-310) = -930\) that add to 7. Factors are 31 and -30. Rewrite: \(3n^2 + 31n - 30n - 310 = 0\). Group: \(n(3n + 31) - 10(3n + 31) = 0\). Factor: \((n - 10)(3n + 31) = 0\). Solutions: n = 10 or n = -31/3. Since n must be positive, n = 10. Answer: 10 terms are needed. This type of problem is challenging but appears regularly in ECZ Paper 2. It combines arithmetic sequences with quadratic equations, testing multiple skills simultaneously.
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