The common ratio (r) in a geometric sequence is the constant value by which each term is multiplied to get the next term. To find it, divide any term by the term before it. Method: r = (second term) ÷ (first term). Calculation: r = 6 ÷ 2 = 3. Verification: Check with other consecutive terms: 18 ÷ 6 = 3 ✓, 54 ÷ 18 = 3 ✓. The common ratio is 3, meaning each term is 3 times the previous term. Important distinction from AP: In arithmetic sequences, you ADD the common difference; in geometric sequences, you MULTIPLY by the common ratio. This is a fundamental concept in ECZ examinations. Geometric sequences appear in Paper 1 and Paper 2, often in contexts involving exponential growth or decay such as population growth, compound interest, radioactive decay, or bacterial multiplication. Similar to the ECZ 2016-2018 past papers where GP concepts are heavily tested.

Break down complex topics into smaller, manageable chunks for easier recall.

Zambia

• Naomi Miselo – 31 pts

• Distance of A Straight Line
• Mid-point of A Line
• Equation of a Straight Line
• Parallel and Perpendicular Lines
• COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS