The congenital anomaly characterized by the abnormal ventral (underside) opening of the urethral meatus is called hypospadias. It is one of the most common birth defects of the male genitalia, occurring when the urethral folds fail to fuse completely along the midline during fetal development. As a result, the urethral opening is located somewhere along the ventral aspect of the penile shaft, scrotum, or perineum, instead of at the tip of the glans. The severity is classified based on the location of the meatus: glandular (mildest), coronal, penile, penoscrotal, scrotal, or perineal (most severe). Hypospadias is often associated with a downward curvature of the penis (chordee) and a hooded foreskin that is deficient ventrally. Surgical correction, typically performed between 6 and 18 months of age, aims to straighten the penis, reposition the urethral opening to the tip of the glans, and reconstruct the foreskin if desired.

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Zambia

• Joseph Soko – 101 pts

• Visual Pathway Lesions
• Positive and Negative Symptoms
• Hallucinations and Delusions
• Antipsychotic Medications
• Emergency: Environmental Emergencies