Autologous blood transfusion is the collection and subsequent re-infusion of the patient's own blood. There are three main types: 1) Pre-operative deposit: The patient donates their own blood weeks before elective surgery. 2) Acute normovolemic hemodilution: Blood is collected immediately before surgery and replaced with fluids; the blood is re-infused during or after surgery. 3) Intra-operative and post-operative blood salvage: Blood lost during surgery is collected, processed, and re-infused. The main advantage is the elimination of the risks of transfusion-transmitted infections (like HIV, hepatitis) and alloimmunization (developing antibodies against donor blood group antigens). It also avoids transfusion reactions (like febrile or allergic) from donor plasma proteins. It is particularly useful for patients with rare blood types or multiple antibodies. However, it does not eliminate the risk of bacterial contamination or clerical errors if the unit is mislabeled or given to the wrong patient.

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Zambia

• ivwananji siwale – 29 pts

• Visual Pathway Lesions
• Positive and Negative Symptoms
• Hallucinations and Delusions
• Antipsychotic Medications
• Emergency: Environmental Emergencies