SOLER is a mnemonic for non-verbal communication techniques that enhance active listening and therapeutic relationships: S - Sit squarely facing the client (shows involvement); O - Open posture (avoiding crossed arms/legs that suggest defensiveness); L - Lean slightly forward (indicates interest); E - Eye contact (appropriate, culturally-sensitive); R - Relax (appear comfortable and calm). These techniques, developed by Gerard Egan, help nurses create a welcoming environment where patients feel heard and understood. SOLER facilitates rapport building, encourages disclosure, reduces anxiety, and improves information gathering. It's particularly useful in counseling situations, mental health assessments, breaking bad news, and any sensitive conversations. While SOLER focuses on physical positioning, it works with verbal skills like reflection, paraphrasing, and open-ended questions. Nurses should adapt these techniques to cultural norms (some cultures find direct eye contact disrespectful) and individual patient preferences for optimal effectiveness.

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Zambia

• ivwananji siwale – 29 pts

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• Positive and Negative Symptoms
• Hallucinations and Delusions
• Antipsychotic Medications
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