Decision Making and Problem Solving in Nursing
Q: The major difference between problem solving and decision making is that problem solving is a ______ while decision making is a process.
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Functional assessment evaluates ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) to determine care needs, plan interventions, and promote independence. ADLs: bathing, dressing, toileting, transferring, continence, feeding. IADLs: meal preparation, medication management, finances, transportation, housekeeping, communication. Tools: Katz Index of Independence in ADLs, Lawton IADL scale. Nurses also assess: mobility (balance, gait, need for assistive devices); and safety in home environment. Documentation includes specific abilities and assistance required. Functional assessment detects: decline requiring intervention; effectiveness of rehabilitation; and discharge planning needs. Regular monitoring guides: level of care required; therapy referrals; home modifications; and caregiver education. Nurses educate about energy conservation and adaptive techniques. This assessment is crucial for elderly, disabled, or recovering patients. It supports person-centered care planning and transition to appropriate care setting.
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