Improving accuracy of urine cytology in patients with urinary diversions (e.g., ileal conduit, neobladder) requires: 1) Knowledge of normal cytology of the intestinal segment (columnar cells, goblet cells, mucus), 2) Distinguishing reactive intestinal cells from malignancy (intestinal cells have uniform nuclei, brush borders), 3) Using bladder washings if possible (though anatomy may be altered), 4) Clinical correlation (symptoms, imaging), 5) Ancillary tests like FISH which may be less affected by intestinal contamination, and 6) Comparison with previous specimens if available. Patients with diversions have increased risk of malignancy, so careful interpretation is crucial.

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Zambia

• loveness Phiri – 1084 pts

• Visual Pathway Lesions
• Positive and Negative Symptoms
• Hallucinations and Delusions
• Antipsychotic Medications
• Emergency: Environmental Emergencies