In men over the age of 35, the most common causative pathogens for acute epididymitis are enteric (intestinal) bacteria, primarily Escherichia coli (E. coli). This epidemiological pattern differs from younger, sexually active men, where sexually transmitted infections like Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae predominate. In older men, epididymitis is more frequently associated with underlying urological problems that facilitate the ascent of bacteria from the urinary tract. These problems include benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) causing urinary retention, urinary tract instrumentation (like catheterization), recent urological surgery, or anatomical abnormalities. The bacteria originate from the bowel flora, enter the urinary system, and travel retrograde from the bladder through the vas deferens to infect the epididymis. Therefore, treatment for this age group must cover gram-negative enteric organisms and also address any predisposing urinary tract issues.

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Zambia

• Joseph Soko – 101 pts

• Visual Pathway Lesions
• Positive and Negative Symptoms
• Hallucinations and Delusions
• Antipsychotic Medications
• Emergency: Environmental Emergencies