True. The development of adjuvant therapy in the mid-20th century was a paradigm shift based on the 'systemic disease' model of cancer. It recognized that even after seemingly successful radical surgery, many patients relapsed and died from distant metastases. This implied the presence of microscopic tumor cells (micrometastases) that had already spread before surgery. Adjuvant therapy (chemotherapy, radiation, hormone therapy) is given after primary local treatment with the goal of eradicating these undetectable micrometastases, thereby reducing the risk of recurrence and improving cure rates.

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Zambia

• ivwananji siwale – 29 pts

• Visual Pathway Lesions
• Positive and Negative Symptoms
• Hallucinations and Delusions
• Antipsychotic Medications
• Emergency: Environmental Emergencies