Liver Function, Jaundice, and Cirrhosis
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Calcium Homeostasis and Metabolic Bone Disease
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Meatal stenosis is the medical term for the narrowing (stricture) of the urethral meatus, the external opening of the urethra. It can be congenital or acquired. Acquired causes are more common and include inflammation (e.g., from balanitis), trauma (often from catheterization or instrumentation), or as a complication of circumcision or hypospadias repair. Symptoms include a deviated or pinpoint urinary stream, spraying, dysuria (painful urination), and increased frequency. Diagnosis is made by physical examination. Treatment may involve gradual dilation or a surgical procedure called a meatotomy to widen the opening.
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