This scenario describes a major ABO-incompatible transfusion, which leads to an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction. The type O recipient has potent, naturally occurring IgM anti-A and anti-B antibodies in their plasma. When type A red cells (carrying A antigens) are infused, the recipient's anti-A antibodies immediately bind to them. These IgM antibodies are efficient at activating the complement system, leading to rapid rupture (lysis) of the donor red cells within the bloodstream (intravascular hemolysis). This releases hemoglobin and other cellular contents, which can cause shock, kidney failure, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and potentially death. Such reactions are preventable medical errors, emphasizing the critical importance of correct ABO typing and crossmatching.

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Zambia

• Joseph Soko – 101 pts

• Visual Pathway Lesions
• Positive and Negative Symptoms
• Hallucinations and Delusions
• Antipsychotic Medications
• Emergency: Environmental Emergencies