Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM)
Q: What is the term for severe protein-energy malnutrition characterized by edema and a swollen belly?
Did You Know?
True. A pressure cooker is a very effective and commonly used tool for performing Heat-Induced Epitope Retrieval (HIER). HIER requires heating tissue sections in a retrieval buffer to a temperature near or at 100°C to break formalin-induced cross-links. A domestic or laboratory pressure cooker is ideal for this because it allows the buffer to reach temperatures above 100°C (typically around 120°C) due to increased pressure. This higher temperature can lead to more efficient and sometimes faster unmasking of stubborn antigens compared to methods like microwaving or water baths. The consistent, uniform heat within the sealed pressure cooker also helps ensure even retrieval across multiple slides. It is a reliable, low-cost method widely adopted in histopathology laboratories. The slides are placed in a rack inside the cooker with the appropriate citrate or EDTA buffer, heated for a defined time (e.g., 2-5 minutes at full pressure), and then allowed to cool before proceeding with staining.
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