Cluster nursing care to minimize nighttime disruptions is most effective for promoting sleep in hospitals. Sleep deprivation impairs healing, increases pain perception, and causes confusion. Strategies: schedule medications, vitals, and procedures to allow 90-minute sleep cycles; reduce noise (close doors, quiet equipment, minimize conversations); adjust lighting; provide comfort measures (positioning, pain management, relaxation techniques); and respect sleep preferences. Non-pharmacological interventions preferred over sleep medications which can cause confusion, falls, and dependency. Sleep promotion includes: bedtime routine similar to home; limiting caffeine; addressing anxiety; and ensuring comfort (dry linens, appropriate temperature). Nurses assess sleep patterns and factors affecting sleep (pain, anxiety, environment, medications). Documentation should include sleep quantity/quality and interventions. Patient education about sleep hygiene continues after discharge. Hospital-acquired insomnia can persist, affecting recovery. Prioritizing sleep as therapeutic intervention improves outcomes.

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Zambia

• Naomi Miselo – 31 pts

• Visual Pathway Lesions
• Positive and Negative Symptoms
• Hallucinations and Delusions
• Antipsychotic Medications
• Emergency: Environmental Emergencies