Placing the patient in a negative pressure isolation room with airborne precautions is essential for active pulmonary tuberculosis to prevent transmission. Airborne precautions include: private room with negative pressure (air flows into room); N95 respirator for anyone entering; patient wears surgical mask during transport; and restricted visitation. Tuberculosis is spread via airborne droplets when patient coughs, sneezes, or talks. Nurses also: ensure medication adherence (directly observed therapy often needed); monitor for side effects (isoniazid - hepatitis, peripheral neuropathy; rifampin - orange secretions; ethambutol - optic neuritis); assess sputum for acid-fast bacilli; and provide education about transmission and treatment duration (typically 6-9 months). Latent TB (positive test without active disease) requires different treatment. Public health reporting is mandatory. Non-adherence contributes to drug resistance (MDR-TB, XDR-TB). Nursing care balances infection control with reducing stigma and isolation effects.

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Zambia

• Joseph Soko – 101 pts

• Visual Pathway Lesions
• Positive and Negative Symptoms
• Hallucinations and Delusions
• Antipsychotic Medications
• Emergency: Environmental Emergencies