Carcinoid tumor in respiratory specimens shows uniform, round to oval cells with moderate cytoplasm, fine 'salt-and-pepper' chromatin, inconspicuous nucleoli, and occasional spindle cell morphology. The cells are often dispersed singly or in loose clusters, unlike small cell carcinoma which has molding and crush artifact. Carcinoids are low-grade neuroendocrine tumors that may be central (typical) or peripheral (atypical). They rarely exfoliate into sputum, so diagnosis usually requires biopsy. Immunocytochemistry for neuroendocrine markers (synaptophysin, chromogranin) can confirm the diagnosis if cells are present.

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Zambia

• Naomi Miselo – 31 pts

• Visual Pathway Lesions
• Positive and Negative Symptoms
• Hallucinations and Delusions
• Antipsychotic Medications
• Emergency: Environmental Emergencies