Heterotrophic Nutrition

Learners analyse types of heterotrophic nutrition (parasitic, saprophytic, holozoic) and evaluate their importance to organisms and the environment. This topic covers ecological roles, such as decomposition, disease, and nutrient recycling. It aligns with ECZ syllabus objectives on ecosystems and prepares Zambian students for exam questions on feeding relationships and environmental management. Understanding heterotrophic nutrition supports competence-based learning and scientific literacy.