Variation in Plants and Animals

This topic explores continuous and discontinuous variation in organisms. Learners will investigate variation in humans (e.g., height, skin colour) and plants (e.g., leaf shape, fruit structure), and distinguish between the two types. They will analyse causes of variation, such as genetic and environmental factors. Understanding variation is crucial for ECZ questions on evolution, genetics, and adaptation. It helps Zambian students appreciate biodiversity and the factors that influence traits within a species, supporting the CBC's ecological and scientific literacy goals.