Advance directives are legal documents that allow patients to express their preferences for medical treatment if they become unable to communicate, ensuring their autonomy is respected and guiding healthcare decisions. Types include: living wills (specifying desired treatments), durable power of attorney for healthcare (designating a decision-maker), and Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) orders. Nurses facilitate discussions about advance care planning, ensure documents are accessible in medical records, and advocate for patient wishes. Documentation includes review of advance directives and communication with the healthcare team. Respecting advance directives promotes patient-centered care, reduces family burden during crises, and prevents unwanted interventions. Nurses should review advance directives periodically, especially during admission or change in condition. Cultural and spiritual considerations should be incorporated into planning.

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Zambia

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