Immunohistochemistry is a cornerstone of modern diagnostic pathology. Its clinical applications are vast and directly impact patient care. One of its most critical uses is in oncology for the classification and diagnosis of malignant tumors. Many cancers look very similar under a standard microscope, but IHC can reveal specific protein markers that identify the tumor's origin (e.g., whether it's a carcinoma, lymphoma, or sarcoma) and its subtype. This precise diagnosis directly guides treatment decisions. For example, IHC is used to detect hormone receptors in breast cancer to determine if a patient will respond to hormonal therapy, or to identify specific lymphoma markers to choose the correct chemotherapy. Furthermore, IHC helps identify infectious agents within tissues, pinpoint the primary site of a metastatic cancer whose origin is unknown, and assess prognostic markers that predict a patient's likely outcome and response to therapy.

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Zambia

• Joseph Soko – 101 pts

• Visual Pathway Lesions
• Positive and Negative Symptoms
• Hallucinations and Delusions
• Antipsychotic Medications
• Emergency: Environmental Emergencies