Forensic Biology and DNA Analysis Quality Management

Forensic biology, encompassing DNA analysis, requires stringent quality management to ensure the integrity of results that can directly identify individuals in criminal investigations. This topic provides Zambian university and college students in forensic science and molecular biology programs with an in-depth look at quality frameworks specific to biological evidence. It covers the entire process chain of custody for biological samples, validated analytical techniques like PCR and STR typing, and critical QC measures such as the use of extraction blanks, positive/negative controls, and Standard Reference Materials (SRM) for mitochondrial DNA. The role of professional bodies like ENFSI and guidelines for DNA databases are also discussed. For students in Zambia, where forensic capabilities are growing, this knowledge is vital for careers in crime labs, paternity testing centers, and roles requiring expert testimony, ensuring their analytical work meets international best practices for sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility.