Inflammation of the testicle is called orchitis. It can be acute or chronic and is often caused by an infection. The most classic viral cause is the mumps virus, which can lead to mumps orchitis, typically occurring in post-pubertal males and presenting with sudden, painful testicular swelling, often accompanied by fever and systemic symptoms. Bacterial orchitis is more commonly a result of the spread of infection from an adjacent epididymitis (epididymo-orchitis), with pathogens like Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, or Escherichia coli. Symptoms include unilateral testicular pain, swelling, redness, and fever. Complications can include testicular atrophy, abscess formation, and, in bilateral cases, infertility. Treatment depends on the cause: supportive care (rest, scrotal elevation, analgesics) for viral cases and appropriate antibiotics for bacterial infections.

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Zambia

• loveness Phiri – 1084 pts

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