For optimal acid-fast bacilli (AFB) staining of sputum: 1) Use concentrated sediment after decontamination with NALC-NaOH, 2) Prepare thin, even smears on new glass slides (not too thick to avoid flaking), 3) Air-dry completely, then heat-fix by passing through flame 2-3 times, 4) Stain with Ziehl-Neelsen method (carbol fuchsin, heat, decolorize with acid-alcohol, counterstain with methylene blue) or auramine-rhodamine for fluorescence microscopy, 5) Examine under oil immersion (100x objective) for ZN or with fluorescence microscope for auramine. Smears should be screened systematically; at least 100 fields should be examined before reporting negative. Quality control with positive and negative slides is essential.

Break down complex topics into smaller, manageable chunks for easier recall.

Zambia

• Naomi Miselo – 31 pts

• Visual Pathway Lesions
• Positive and Negative Symptoms
• Hallucinations and Delusions
• Antipsychotic Medications
• Emergency: Environmental Emergencies