Hepatitis B Virus Infection

This topic focuses on Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), a highly infectious and mandatory screening marker for blood donation in Zambia. Students at Zambian universities and colleges will study the natural history of HBV, including transmission, acute and chronic infection outcomes, and the serological profile of markers like HBsAg, HBeAg, and their corresponding antibodies. The module explains the replicative and non-replicative phases of chronic infection and their link to liver damage and hepatocellular carcinoma. For tertiary learners in medical laboratory science and related fields, understanding HBV is crucial for interpreting donor test results, counseling patients, and contributing to infection control programs. Given HBV's high prevalence and transmissibility compared to HIV, this knowledge is especially important for ensuring blood safety and occupational health in Zambian laboratories. Proficiency in HBV serology and disease progression is tested in professional examinations and is essential for effective performance in transfusion medicine and virology departments.