Integrated Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases
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One Health Approach to Parasitic Diseases
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This statement is true. Dioxins are persistent organic pollutants that activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). One major consequence of AhR activation is the induction of liver enzymes, specifically UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs). These enzymes attach a glucuronic acid molecule to thyroid hormones (T4 and T3) in a process called glucuronidation. This chemical tag marks the hormones for elimination, dramatically increasing their excretion into the bile and feces. The body perceives this rapid loss as a thyroid hormone deficiency, which can trigger a compensatory increase in Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH) from the pituitary. Over time, this state of accelerated clearance can deplete thyroid hormone reserves and lead to symptoms of hypothyroidism, even if the thyroid gland itself is initially functioning normally.
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