University revision · Molecular Biology and Medical Genetics

p53 Gene: Guardian of the Genome

Question 1 of 4 Course: Biomedical Science(Degree)

The p53 gene is a well-known tumor suppressor gene often called the 'guardian of the genome'. True or False?

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True. This is a fundamental part of forensic paint examination known as **paint layer sequence analysis** or **cross-section analysis**. Vehicles and many other objects are painted with multiple, distinct layers: primer, basecoat, color coat(s), and clear coat. The sequence, color, thickness, and chemical composition of these layers form a characteristic 'fingerprint' for a particular manufacturing batch or even a specific object. When a paint chip is recovered from a hit-and-run scene, for example, a trace evidence analyst will first examine it under a stereo microscope to note the layer sequence. They may then prepare a **cross-section** by embedding the chip in resin, polishing it to expose a perfect edge-view of all layers, and examining it under higher magnification. Microspectrophotometry (MSP) or FTIR can be used to analyze the chemistry of each layer. Matching the layer sequence and composition of a questioned chip to paint from a suspect vehicle can provide strong associative evidence.

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