Environmental management for vector control involves long-term physical modifications of the environment to reduce or eliminate vector breeding sites, resting places, or human-vector contact without relying on pesticides. Filling and draining of mosquito breeding sites (like swamps, ditches, and puddles) is a classic example. It permanently removes the aquatic habitat needed for the larval stages of mosquitoes (e.g., Anopheles for malaria, Aedes for dengue). This contrasts with other methods: Applying insecticide-treated bed nets (A) is a personal protection/chemical method. Releasing genetically modified sterile male mosquitoes (B) is a biological control method. Indoor residual spraying with DDT (D) is a chemical control method. Environmental management is often considered a sustainable, but sometimes costly and logistically challenging, approach.

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Zambia

• Joseph Soko – 101 pts

• Visual Pathway Lesions
• Positive and Negative Symptoms
• Hallucinations and Delusions
• Antipsychotic Medications
• Emergency: Environmental Emergencies