Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) stain in urine cytology highlights glycogen and mucopolysaccharides, staining them magenta. Applications include: 1) Identifying glycogenated squamous cells (common in diabetes, stains strongly), 2) Detecting fungal cell walls (Candida, Aspergillus), 3) Highlighting basement membrane material in renal tubular casts, 4) Demonstrating cytoplasmic granules in some tumors (e.g., clear cell renal cell carcinoma), and 5) Staining Michaelis-Gutmann bodies in malakoplakia. PAS with diastase digestion distinguishes glycogen (diastase-sensitive) from other PAS-positive substances. It is a versatile special stain for evaluating various urinary tract pathologies.

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Zambia

• Joseph Soko – 101 pts

• Visual Pathway Lesions
• Positive and Negative Symptoms
• Hallucinations and Delusions
• Antipsychotic Medications
• Emergency: Environmental Emergencies