Carnoy's fixative, a mixture of absolute alcohol, chloroform, and glacial acetic acid, is particularly useful for haemorrhagic sputum specimens because the acetic acid component effectively lyses red blood cells. This clears the background of blood, reducing obscuring material and allowing for better visualization of epithelial cells, macrophages, and potential malignant cells. It also preserves nuclear and cytoplasmic detail well, making it a valuable choice when blood contamination might otherwise compromise diagnostic accuracy.

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Zambia

• Joseph Soko – 101 pts

• Visual Pathway Lesions
• Positive and Negative Symptoms
• Hallucinations and Delusions
• Antipsychotic Medications
• Emergency: Environmental Emergencies