University revision · Molecular Biology and Medical Genetics

Telomeres, Telomerase, and Cellular Aging

Question 1 of 5 Course: Biomedical Science(Degree)

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What is the name of the repetitive DNA sequences at the ends of chromosomes?

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This statement is true. A defining pathological feature of a teratoma is the presence of tissues derived from two or more embryonic germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm). Therefore, under the microscope, a testicular teratoma can show a bewildering array of differentiated tissues that are foreign to the testis. Common elements include: ectodermal tissues like squamous epithelium (skin), neural tissue, or hair follicles; mesodermal tissues like cartilage, bone, smooth muscle, or fat; and endodermal tissues like respiratory epithelium, intestinal glands, or thyroid tissue. This occurs because the tumor originates from a pluripotent germ cell that has aberrantly differentiated into various somatic cell types. In the testis, unlike in the ovary, even mature teratomas (with fully differentiated tissues) are considered malignant due to their potential for metastasis. The presence of these heterogeneous tissues is a key diagnostic clue for a teratoma.

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