Tumor Markers in Clinical Practice
Q: True or False: The biomarker 'PSA' has a well-established role in screening for prostate cancer, and its use has unequivocally led to a reduction in prostate cancer mortality without any drawbacks.
Did You Know?
Retrograde ejaculation is a condition where semen, which would normally be expelled out through the urethra during orgasm, instead flows backward into the urinary bladder. This occurs due to the failure of the internal urethral sphincter (bladder neck) to close properly during ejaculation. As a result, the ejaculate is redirected into the bladder. The patient typically experiences a 'dry orgasm' (orgasm with little or no semen expelled) and may notice cloudy urine afterward due to the presence of semen. Common causes include diabetes mellitus (due to autonomic neuropathy), surgical procedures affecting the bladder neck (such as transurethral resection of the prostate - TURP), certain medications (like alpha-blockers used for BPH), or spinal cord injuries. It is a cause of male infertility but does not affect sexual pleasure.
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