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University revision · General and Systemic Pathology

Pathology of the Male Reproductive System

Question 1 of 100 Course: Biomedical Science(Degree)
Q1
Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is a curative treatment for localized prostate cancer.
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About this topic

This comprehensive tertiary-level topic delves into the pathology of the male genital tract, covering congenital, inflammatory, neoplastic, and degenerative conditions affecting structures such as the scrotum, penis, testes, epididymis, and prostate. Students will explore developmental anomalies like hypospadias and cryptorchidism, inflammatory processes including balanoposthitis and sexually transmitted infections, and neoplasms ranging from penile carcinoma to testicular germ cell tumors and prostatic adenocarcinoma. For Zambian university and college students pursuing degrees in medicine, biomedical sciences, or laboratory technology, mastering this topic is essential for understanding male infertility, cancer diagnostics, and urological pathology. The material aligns perfectly with the syllabus for General and Systemic Pathology in Zambian tertiary institutions like UNZA, providing the foundational knowledge required for clinical practice, laboratory diagnostics, and success in professional examinations.

What you'll practise (50 questions)

  1. Which male reproductive condition is characterized by the failure of one or both testes to descend into the scrotum?
  2. What is the most common testicular tumor in men aged 15–34?
  3. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a malignant condition.
  4. What is the term for the surgical removal of the prostate gland?
  5. What is phimosis?
  6. In hypospadias, the urethral opening is located on the ventral surface of the penis.
  7. What is the most common type of testicular tumor?
  8. Which condition is characterized by an abnormally sustained erection unrelated to sexual stimulation?
  9. Squamous cell carcinoma of the penis is more common in circumcised men.
  10. What is cryptorchidism?
  11. What is a common symptom of acute epididymitis?
  12. Torsion of the spermatic cord most commonly affects which age group?
  13. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is a malignant tumor of the prostate.
  14. What enzyme converts testosterone to Dihydrotestosterone (DHT), a key hormone in BPH development?
  15. Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)?
  16. Prostate cancer is the most common form of cancer in males.
  17. What is the name for prostate cancer that is found unexpectedly during an autopsy for an unrelated cause?
  18. Which of the following is a risk factor for developing testicular cancer?
  19. Prostatitis can only be caused by bacterial infections.
  20. What congenital condition involves the urethral opening being located on the dorsal (top) surface of the penis?
  21. What is the term for inflammation of the glans penis?
  22. A hydrocele is an abnormal collection of blood in the tunica vaginalis.
  23. Which of the following is a premalignant lesion of the penis?
  24. Teratomas are germ cell tumors derived from a single embryonic layer.
  25. What is the most common pathogen causing acute epididymitis in men older than 35 years?
  26. Which demographic factor is strongly associated with a higher risk of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)?
  27. Prostate cancer most commonly metastasizes to the lungs first.
  28. What is the term for the condition where the foreskin, once retracted, cannot be pulled back forward over the glans?
  29. Testicular torsion primarily presents with a painless testicular enlargement.
  30. What is the name of the benign tumor of the penis caused by Human Papillomavirus (HPV) types 6 and 11?
  31. Which of the following is a potential complication of untreated cryptorchidism?
  32. Embryonal carcinoma of the testis has a better prognosis than seminoma.
  33. What is the primary histological characteristic of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)?
  34. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a screening test that can definitively diagnose prostate cancer.
  35. What is the medical term for an abnormal collection of blood in the tunica vaginalis?
  36. Which symptom is characteristic of the later stages of prostate cancer, often indicating metastasis?
  37. Orchitis and epididymitis often occur together.
  38. What is the most common initial symptom of prostate cancer?
  39. Condyloma Acuminatum (genital warts) is a premalignant lesion.
  40. What is the medical term for inflammation of the testicle?
  41. Which of the following is a key difference between a hydrocele and a hematocele on physical exam?
  42. The 5-alpha reductase enzyme is involved in the pathogenesis of testicular cancer.
  43. What is the primary route of spread for prostate cancer to the lumbar spine?
  44. A seminoma is the most radiosensitive type of testicular tumor.
  45. What is the term for the abnormal, sustained erection seen in conditions like sickle cell disease?
  46. Which diagnostic finding is characteristic of acute bacterial prostatitis on digital rectal exam (DRE)?
  47. Teratomas in the testis often contain differentiated tissues like hair or cartilage.
  48. What is the primary function of the prostate gland?
  49. Prostate cancer typically originates in the central zone of the prostate.
  50. What is the most common age group for diagnosis of testicular cancer?

Answer each question above to see the correct answer and a full explanation.